System Monitoring
Last Updated: 2022-08-06
top
Show running processes, memory/cpu usage. Similar to Task Manager in Windows.
CPU: uptime
Show how long it is been running, and load average.
$ uptime
10:11:46 up 7 days, 17:02, 1 user, load average: 1.79, 1.86, 1.79
Memory: free
Check free memory
$ free
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 5967380 3951608 469008 76044 1546764 1588088
Swap: 6146044 105052 6040992
Human-readable
$ free -h
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 5.7G 3.8G 457M 74M 1.5G 1.5G
Swap: 5.9G 102M 5.8G
$ free -m uses MiB as unit.
Disk: df / du
List mounted file systems and usage (-h for "human-readable")
$ df -h
du can be used to estimate file space usage.
vmstat
Virtual memory stats
$ vmstat
procs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- -system-- ------cpu-----
r b swpd free buff cache si so bi bo in cs us sy id wa st
1 0 105052 385116 114148 1433576 0 1 13 129 145 6 23 25 52 0 0
Processes: ps and pstree
Show processes
$ ps
List processes has "cron" in their names:
$ ps aux | grep -i cron
ps -aux means show all processes for all users.
Show in tree view
$ pstree
tcpdump
$ sudo tcpdump
Network
There are top-like tool for network, but need to be installed separately, e.g. iftop
Hardware
lsusb: lists attached USB deviceslspci: lists PCI deviceslshw: list hardwaredmidecode: lists BIOS and other hardware